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A dietitian’s guide to calorie counting

By Riley Kusuma   |   Dietitian

4 minute read


Published 26 November 2025


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weight managementweight losscalories and portionsdietitian advice

On this page

  • What is calorie counting?
  • Who might benefit?
  • Why it’s not exact
  • How to use calorie counting wisely

    Calorie counting is often talked about as the “key” to weight management.

    On the surface, it sounds simple: calories in versus calories out. But in reality, it’s a bit more complex and it isn’t always exact.

    In this guide, I’ll explain what calorie counting is, who might benefit from it, and how to use it in a healthy way.

    What is calorie counting?

    Calorie counting simply means tracking the energy in the foods and drinks you consume. You can measure this in calories or kilojoules. It can be a helpful tool if your goal is weight loss, maintenance, or gain.

    To count calories effectively, you first need to know roughly how many your body requires. This number varies for everyone based on age, sex, and activity levels. There are online calculators to help estimate your needs, but keep in mind, these are just that: estimates.

    Even the calories listed on food labels or in apps are approximations. Because of this, finding what works for you may take some trial and error. The goal isn’t perfection, it’s awareness.

    Who might benefit?

    Calorie counting can be useful for some people, especially if you:

    • Are trying to manage your weight
    • Are still learning about portion sizes
    • Want to spot hidden energy sources like sauces, dressings, or sugary drinks

    However, if you already eat a balanced diet, understand your hunger cues, or tend to focus a lot on the numbers in your food, calorie counting may not be necessary. For some, it can even feel restrictive or stressful.

    Why it’s not exact

    There are a few reasons calorie counting isn’t 100% precise:

    Food labels can have small errors in the calorie values they list.

    Our bodies don’t absorb all the calories we eat.

    Estimating portion sizes without weighing your food can be inaccurate.

    Even with these limitations, calorie tracking can still be a useful tool. It helps make you more aware of what you’re eating and where extra energy might be coming from.

    How to use calorie counting wisely

    If you choose to count calories, here’s how to keep it healthy and balanced:

    • Treat it as a guide: Remember, food labels and app data are estimates. Your actual intake might differ from what’s recorded.
    • Focus on food quality: Prioritise foods rich in vitamins, minerals, and fibre over foods high in added sugar, saturated fat, or salt. Even if the calorie content is similar, nutritious choices benefit your health more.
    • Stay flexible: Some days you’ll be more active and need extra energy; other days, you may need less.
    • Check in with how it makes you feel: If calorie tracking starts to feel stressful or obsessive, it’s okay to stop. Your mental wellbeing matters just as much as your physical health.

    Remember, calorie counting is only one tool for weight management. There are many other ways to support a healthy lifestyle, including mindful eating, choosing a variety of nutritious foods, and staying active.

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    Our health and wellbeing information is regularly reviewed and maintained by a team of healthcare experts, to ensure its relevancy and accuracy. Everyone's health journey is unique and health outcomes vary from person to person.

    This content is not a replacement for personalised and specific medical, healthcare, or other professional advice. If you have concerns about your health, see your doctor or other health professional.   

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